Effectiveness of Some Disinfectants Commonly Used in footbaths inside Poultry Farms (2025)

Antibacterial efficacy of commercial disinfectants on dirt floor used in poultry breeder houses

Revista Brasileira de …, 2007

Dirt floors are used on most Brazilian poultry farms since the construction of concrete floors is very expensive. In vitro tests carried out to verify the effectiveness of disinfectants do not consider the adverse conditions found in poultry farms. Therefore, the present study aimed at evaluating the effect of six commercial disinfectants on the reduction of total and fecal coliforms on the dirt floor of breeder houses. The amount of disinfectant solution to be used per square meter was defined by counting total and fecal coliforms at different soil depths and by analyzing soil physical properties. Coliforms were detected at 0.5 cm, and one liter of disinfectant solution was sufficient for soil saturation at this depth. After that, the efficacy of six commercial products (caustic soda, hydrated lime, phenols 1 and 2, iodine, glutaraldehyde, and quaternary ammonium) in reducing the number of coliforms, after six hours of contact with the dirt floor, was assessed using the most probable number (MPN) method. Escherichia coli specimens isolated from the dirt floor were used to evaluate in vitro effectiveness of disinfectants. Products that yielded the best results in the MPN method were also effective in the in vitro tests. Among the tested disinfectants, hydrated lime was the most efficient, reducing the initial contamination by 2.9 log after six hours of contact with the dirt floor.

Analysis of the effectiveness of sanitizers for a low moisture footwear sanitization unit

— Footwear sanitization is critically considered in food industries as control of the cross contamination of pathogens for the safety and quality of the production. Since poor maintenance of footbaths type of footwear sanitization systems can further enhance cross contaminations, importance of low moisture systems in footwear sanitization is acclaimed. This study examines the efficacy of the decontamination of E. coli, with IPA/ethanol, QAC/ethanol, IPA/QAC/ethanol, IPA/QAC/water chemical treatments for boots and slippers. Cleaned footwears were treated with E. coli sample and sanitizer was treated by spraying. Swab tests were done before and after applying treatments. Using dilution series, CFU was counted after incubating the selected diluent on the petri plates. Log value of the reduction of E. coli was graphically represented, and further statistical analysis was done by Tukey's test with a post hoc test. Results revealed that IPA/QAC/water treatment was the best as it significantly contribute (Tukey's test, P ≤ 0.05) in log reduction/CFUs of microorganism. Overall study depicts IPA/QAC/water combination is efficient and effective as sanitizer combination for a low moisture footwear sanitization system.

Efficacy of Disinfectants for Sanitizing Boots Under Dairy Farm Conditions

The Bovine practitioner, 2003

Ampicillin-resistant Escherichia coli (AR-E. coli), suspended in a manure slurry, was placed on rubber and plastic boot material surfaces to determine survival time. In addition, rubber boots were immersed in the bacteriamanure slurry, placed in water, and then several disinfec tants were applied to the boots to determine the bacterial kill time. In the second phase of the study, boots were con taminated with the bacteria-manure slurry, and plastic and concrete surfaces were walked on to determine how far the bacteria could be tracked. ARE. coli was isolated from the surfaces of both rub ber and plastic strips for up to one day after the strips were inoculated with in the ARE. coli slurry, with the ex ception of rubber strips at the highest temperature tested. Alcohol and Roccal-D Plus appeared to be the most effec tive disinfectants used on rubber, followed by bleach. Betadine Solution, Nolvasan Solution and water showed similar efficacy. ARE. coli could be isolated from boot tracks on plastic for nearly 400 ft (121.9 m) and from a concrete surface for up to 150 ft (47.7 m). Results of this study emphasize the importance of time and temperature on the ability of disinfectants to eliminate bacterial contamination in manure and supports the use of biosecurity Good Management Practices (GMP' s) to control the movement of potentially pathogenic bacte ria on dairies.

Laboratory Evaluation of Some Disinfectants Used in Poultry Farms Against Some Bacterial Isolates

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of the four disinfectants; Quaternary Ammonium Compound QAC (Vrocid), Iodine compound (Iocid 30), Formalin (Aldekol des o3) and H 2 O 2 (Aquaclean) used by commercial poultry integrator against four bacterial isolates; Escherichia coli (E.coli), Staphylococcus aeuraus, Proteus ssp and Pseudomonas ssp, and the effect of the heat in relation to time on recommended concentration. This experiment consist of tow-parts; in the first part these disinfectants were made in five concentrations one according to the manufacturers recommendation, three were higher and one was lower than manufacturer recommendation these concentrations were made in disk from filter paper. Five concentration of each disinfectant were put in a plate contained the bacterial culture. The disc which was saturated by the recommended concentration of each disinfectant was put in the middle of the plate contain bacterial isolates and the lower and higher concentration was rounded. The plates were incubated at 37 o C overnight and then observed, the diameter of clear inhibition zone surrounded each disc was measure by using a ruler. In the second part only the recommended concentration of each disinfectant was used, each disinfectant was divided in four groups and submerged in a water bath at 37, 45, 50, 60 o C each group contained 4 tubes. The tubes were collected 5, 10, 15, 30 minutes after the starts of the experiment, the disk was put inside the tube of each disinfectants then taken immediately and was put in the plate contain bacterial isolates which were departed in 4 department. Incubated overnight at 37 o C, then the plate were observed, the diameter of clear inhibition zone surrounded each disk was measure by using a ruler. The laboratory evaluation indicated that H 2 O 2 , QAC and Formaldehyde respectively was effective against E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus ssp and pseudomonas ssp while the iodine don't show any effect. It was concluded that the disinfectant used in this study was very effective and recommended to use in poultry house.

In vitro Efficacy Comparisons of Disinfectants Used in the Commercial Poultry Farms.

International Journal of Poultry Sciences, 2009

Studies have indicated variations in the degree of efficacy of the commercial disinfectants commonly used in poultry production facilities. An adequate method of in vitro testing was used to compare the efficacy of some of these disinfectants while testing them in conditions similar to those of the poultry facilities. Five commercially available disinfectants were tested against 7 selected bacterial, fungal and viral isolates. The obtained results indicated that, most of the tested disinfectant products were effective at the manufacturer recommended level within 30 min contact time when tested in the absence of organic matter. However, w hen organic matter was present longer contact times were needed to demonstrate the effectiveness. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Fusarium species and Newcastle disease virus showed variable degrees of resistance to some of the tested disinfectant products in the presence of organic matter. Conclusively, monitoring program should be adopted regularly in poultry facilities to test the problematic microbes individually for their resistance against commercial disinfectants.

SURVEY OF CHEMICAL DISINFECTANTS USED BY POULTRY FARMERS IN IMO STATE, NIGERIA

Pathogen contamination can be prevented with aid of proper health care products such as disinfectants. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of common disinfectants and disinfection practice of poultry farmers in Imo State, Nigeria, in order to generate information needed for the proper regulation of disinfectant use in the area. Primary data were generated from structured questionnaires distributed to animal health practitioners and poultry farmers in the State. Results showed that farmers choice of disinfectants were dependent on cost and availability. Zgermicide ® 10 (22.27%) and Izal ® with 9 (20.45%) are more widely distributed in the various animal health outfits. This was closely followed by Lysol ® 6 (13.63%) and Diskol ® 6 (13.63%). Morigard ® 3 (6.81%), Dettol ® and Septol ® 3 (6.81%) appeared each in three outfits. Vox ® 1 (2.27%) CID 20 ® 1 (2.27%) a Virkon ® 1 (2.27%) occurred once and that is at the Avian influenza desk officer's store. Izal ® 140 (58.82) was more widely used by farmers followed by Z-germicide ® , both of which are phenolic products. Morigad ® with 2 (2.94%) and Lysol ® with 91.47%0 are also phenolic products. Altogether 76.47% of disinfectants used in Imo State were of phenolic products. Most poultry farms in the State did not use disinfectant footbath. Those that used them did not insist on workers or visitors dipping their feet in them before entering the farm house. They also did not reconstitute the disinfectants according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Efficiency of some sanitizers and disinfectants against biofilms and planktonic cells buildup on cages (galvanized wire) and plastic material (PVC) in poultry farms

2019

This study aimed to evaluate the biofilmicidal efficiency of some sanitizers and disinfectant against S. typhimurium and P. aeruginosa biofilms which formed on the galvanized wire of cages and PVC of drinking lines in poultry farms and could hinder the efficacy of sanitation program. In addition, the effect of sanitizers on planktonic bacteria was studied. The results showed that on galvanized wire coupons after 10 min, only four sanitizers reduced S. typhimurium and P. aeruginosa biofilms count by 100%; Clorox 2.5%, Pril 2%+ Clorox 2.5%, Calcium hypochlorite 1% and Formalin 5%, While others were not sufficient to remove the biofilm completely. On PVC coupons after 24 hours, all used sanitizers removed S. typhimurium and P. aeruginosa biofilms completely except Iodocide 3%, Zix virox 0.2%, citric acid 1% and sodium hydroxide 1%. All used sanitizers and disinfectants showed bactericidal activity and removed the planktonic bacteria completely except sodium hydroxide 1%, and zix virox ...

Effect of some disinfectants on microbial pollution of water in poultry farms at Kaliobia Governorate

The present study was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of three water disinfectant (chlorine ,iodine and H2O2) against total bacterial count, total fungal count and fecal E-coli count in water samples collected from main source of Tokh poultry farms (El-Kaliobia government). Water samples were taken from poultry farm was supplied by underground water and examined total bacterial count, total fungal count, fecal E-coli count and organic matter and found that T.B.C is 500 cfu/ ml , T.F.C was 40 cfu/ ml and fecal E-Coli count was 320 cfu/ ml and organic matter was 1.3 mg/L. Different concentrations from previously mentioned disinfectants were prepared and applied at different exposure times. And the results were as the following: Aquatabs Granules®: give 100 % reduction% of T.B.C and fecal E-Coli at concentration of 25 gm/L at exposure time 30 minutes, while give100% reduction of T.F.C at concentration of 30 gm/L at exposure time 60 minutes. Virkon-S ®: give100% reduction %of T.B.C and fecal E-Coli at concentration of 1 gm/L at exposure time 30 minutes, while give100% reduction of T.F.C at concentration of 2 gm/L at exposure time 60 minutes. Iodoblex®:give 100% reduction % of T.B.C and fecal E-Coli at concentration of 10 ml/L at exposure time 30 minutes, while give77.5 % reduction % of T.F.C at concentration of 10 ml/L at exposure time 30 minutes.

Comparison of Two Control Methods of Disinfection in a Poultry Slaughterhouse

The directive of the WHO and the FAO recommends, today, the recourse to HACCP principles for the control of the microbiological quality of the intended foods to human consumption. One of the most important parameters intervening in the biosecurity of slaughterhouses is the cleaning and disinfection procedure applied to different sectors of the slaughterhouse. It is according to the personnel qualification and the use of cleaning and disinfection procedures that will depend on the hygienic statute of the slaughterhouse, but also the quality of the poultry meat during slaughtering and packaging. A badly made decontamination will permit the contamination of poultry carcasses and the butcher's by micro-organisms that can be pathogenic (salmonella, listeria, campylobacter..) and harmful to the public health. It is therefore necessary to control the cleaning and the disinfection to identify the risk points that are susceptible to be to the origin of meat products contamination. The t...

Effect of various chemical decontamination treatments on natural microflora and sensory characteristics of poultry

International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2007

Regulation (EC) No. 853/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council provides a legal basis permitting the use of antimicrobial treatments to remove surface contamination from poultry. This paper reports the results of research into the effects on natural microflora, pH, and sensorial characteristics achieved by dipping chicken legs (15 min, 18 ± 1°C) into solutions (wt/vol) of 12% trisodium phosphate (TSP), 1200 ppm acidified sodium chlorite (ASC), 2% citric acid (CA), 220 ppm peroxyacids (Inspexx 100™; PA), and water. Samples were collected immediately after evisceration, subjected to the treatments listed or left untreated (control) and tested after 0, 1, 3 and 5 days of storage (3°C ± 1°C). For most microbial groups similar counts were observed on water-dipped and on untreated legs. All the chemical compounds were effective in reducing microbial populations throughout storage, with TSP, ASC and CA showing the strongest antimicrobial activity. The average reductions (mean ± standard deviation) relative to untreated samples caused by chemical treatments when considering simultaneously all storage days ranged (log 10 cfu/g skin) from 0.53 ± 0.83 (PA) to 1.98 ± 0.62 (TSP) for mesophilic aerobic counts, from 0.11 ± 0.89 (PA) to 1.27 ± 1.02 (CA) (psychrotrophs), from 1.34 ± 1.40 (PA) to 2.15 ± 1.20 (CA) (Enterobacteriaceae), from 1.18 ± 1.24 (PA) to 1.98 ± 1.16 (CA) (coliforms), from 0.66 ± 0.99 (PA) to 1.86 ± 1.80 (TSP) (Micrococcaceae), from 0.54 ± 0.74 (TSP) to 2.17 ± 1.37 (CA) (enterococci), from 0.72 ± 0.66 (TSP) to 2.08 ± 1.60 (CA) (Brochothrix thermosphacta), from 0.78 ± 1.02 (PA) to 1.99 ± 0.96 (TSP) (pseudomonads), from 0.21 ± 0.61 (PA) to 1.23 ± 0.60 (TSP) (lactic acid bacteria), and from 1.14 ± 0.89 (PA) to 1.45 ± 0.61 (ASC) (moulds and yeasts). The microbial reductions throughout storage increased, decreased, or did not vary, in accordance with microbial group and chemical involved. Similar pH values were observed for untreated samples and for those dipped in PA and water on all sampling days. ASC-treated samples showed a lower pH than controls to day 1. TSP-treated legs exhibited the highest pH values and CA-treated ones the lowest, throughout storage. Hedonic evaluation (nine-point structured scale, untrained panellists) showed similar colour, smell and overall acceptability scores for dipped and untreated samples on day 0 and day 1. From day 3 sensorial attributes scored lower for untreated, PA-and water-dipped legs, as compared to legs treated with TSP, ASC and CA. Only for these three groups of samples were average scores higher than 6 (shelf-life limit value) observed by the end of storage. Results from the present study suggest that the treatments tested improve the microbial quality of chicken without adverse sensorial effects.